22/11/13

Gunung Padang

Buat yang lagi bikin tugas laporan field trip nih.. moga-moga bisa membantu yahh :)


KATA PENGANTAR

Puji syukur kami panjatkan ke hadirat Tuhan Yang Maha Esa, karena dengan pertolonganNya kami dapat menyelesaikan laporan kegiatan field trip yang berjudul ”Situs Megalitikum Gunung Padang”. Terima kasih kami sampaikan kepada Bapak Saryanto selaku guru Bahasa Indonesia, Ibu Endang selaku guru Sejarah, dan Bapak Adrian selaku guru Komputer yang telah meluangkan waktunya untuk membaca dan menilai laporan ini.
Laporan ini dibuat dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui seluk-beluknya tentang benda pra-sejarah yang berupa bebatuan di atas Gunung Padang. Gunung Padang berlokasi di Desa Mekarjaya, Kecamatan Campaka, Kabupaten Cianjur. Banyak turis dari berbagai manca negara berbondong-bondong untuk melihat maha karya ini. Kami dapat mengambil keuntungan. Selain negara kita mendapatkan profit yang cukup besar, kami juga selaku pelajar yang duduk di kelas 12, maka hal tersebut dapat menambah wawasan kami.
            Kami menemukan banyak kendala pada kajian laporan ini. Mulai dari penentuan judul, kami sangat sulit untuk menentukan judul yang tepat, sampai dengan penyusunan laporan ini. Kami ingin mengucapkan terima kasih kepada Bapak Saryanto, Ibu Endang dan semua pihak-pihak yang telah membantu dalam penyusunan laporan ini.
            Kami menyadari karya tulis ini masih jauh dari kesempurnaan. Untuk itu kami sangat terbuka untuk menerima kritik dan saran untuk penyempurnaan laporan ini.

 
BAB I
PENDAHULUAN

1.1         Latar Belakang
Pelajar adalah generasi muda yang akan menjadi pemimpin pada masa mendatang. Para calon pemimpin tentu harus memiliki kecerdasan, semangat juang, dan rasa cinta terhadap tanah air. Dengan bermodalkan hal-hal tersebut, akan lahir pemimpin bangsa yang handal, cerdas, berwawasan luas, memiliki semangat juang, dan rasa cinta tanah air. Karakter tersebut harus dibangun, dipupuk, dan dikembangkan. Menjadi pemimpin tentu membutuhkan usaha yang cukup keras. Berbagai kemampuan dan kecerdasan dibutuhkan oleh seorang pemimpin. Salah satu faktor yang menentukan keberhasilan seorang pemimpin rasa percaya terhadap orang lain. Karena, kita adalah makhluk sosial yang membutuhkan bantuan dari sesama kita. Para calon pemimpin harus dibina sejak dini. Oleh karena itu, para pelajar harus membekali diri agar mereka nanti mampu memimpin bangsa.

1.2     Tujuan
Tujuan diadakannya Field Trip ke Situs Megalitik Gunung Padang ini adalah untuk memperdalam wawasan para siswa dalam hal sejarah dan prasejarah yang terjadi di lingkungan hidupnya. Dengan mengetahui berbagai sejarah di lingkungannya, rasa bangga dan cinta tanah airpun akan semakin terbentuk. Tujuan lainnya juga adalah untuk memenuhi nilai dari tugas yang diberikan oleh Bapak Saryanto, Bapak Rein, dan Ibu Endang.

1.3     Sistematika/Ruang Lingkup
Sistematika penulisan pada laporan ini, disusun sebagai berikut :
BAB I PENDAHULUAN
Bab ini berisi latar belakang, tujuan diadakannya field trip ini, serta sistematika/ruang lingkup penulisan.
BAB II KAJIAN PUSTAKA
Bab ini berisi informasi lebih detail mengenai Situs Megalitik Gunung Padang.
BAB III HASIL PENGAMATAN
Bab ini berisi pendeskripsian semua obyek yang diamati secara detail sehingga dapat memberikan kejelasan kepada pembaca  mengenai obyek pengamatan tersebut.
BAB IV PENUTUP
Bab ini berisi kesimpulan berdasarkan fakta yang ada dan saran dari pihak-pihak tertentu.


 
CHAPTER II
LITERATURE

2.1       Location of Padang Mountain Megalithic Sites
Site Gunung Padang is a prehistoric heritage sites in Java Barat.Tepatnya Megalithic culture at the border hamlet of Mount Padang and Panggulan, Karyamukti Village,District Campaka, Cianjur Regency. Locations can be reached 20 kilometers from the district town WarungKondang intersection, on the road between the City of Cianjur and Sukabumi. Broad complex of ”building” about 900 m², located at an altitude of 885 meters, and the area of ​​the site is approximately 3 acres making it the largest punden complex in Southeast Asia.
The site location is hilly steep and difficult to access. Complexity of elongated, covering the surface of a hill bordered by rows of large square-shaped andesite. The site is surrounded by valleys so deep. This place has previously been sacred by the local residents. Residents think of it as a place Siliwangi King, the king of Sunda, which is trying to build a palace overnight.

2.2       Inventors Mount Padang Megalithic Sites
The first report on the existence of this site was loaded on Rapporten van de Oudheidkundige Dienst (ROD,”Bulletin of the Department of Antiquities”) in 1914. Dutch historian, N. J. Krom also been alluded to in 1949. Having had”forgotten”, in 1979 three locals, Endi, Soma, and Abidin, reported to Edi, owner Campaka Cultural District, the existence of a pile large square stones of various sizes that are arranged in a terraced place that leads to Mount Gede. Furthermore, together with the Head of the Cultural Section of the Department of Education Culture Cianjur, R. Adang Suwanda, he held a check. Follow-up is the study of archeology, history, and geology Arkenas Research Center conducted in 1979 for this site.

2.3      Research Site Megalithic Gunung Padang
Since March 2011 a research team was formed office of Purba Catastrophe Presidential Special Staff for Social Assistance and Disaster, in a survey of the activities at active faults Cimandiri passing of Pelabuhan Ratu until Padalarang through Mount Padang. When the team conducted a survey of known subsurface Gunung Padang no magma intrusion. Then the research team conducted a survey of Mount Padang subsurface more fully with geophysical methodologies, namely geoelectric, georadar, and geomagnetic in the Site area. As a result, more and more convinced that a hill of Mount Padang created or formed by humans (man -made). In November 2011, a team led by Dr. Danny Hilman Natawidjaja, consisting of experts increasingly believe that the earth was created by Mount Padang old human who has ever lived in the region.

2.4     Functions of Mount Padang Megalithic Sites
Function estimated Gunungpadang site is a place of worship for the people who settled there in about 2000 years BC The results Rolan Mauludy and Hokky Situngkir suggesting possible involvement of some stone megaliths music there. Gunungpadang addition, there are several others in Cianjur footprint which is a relic of megalithic period.

2.5     Survey of the Government of Indonesia
Results of surveys and research were presented at various scientific meetings both nationally and internationally, even got appreciation from Prof.. Dr.Oppenheimer. Ancient catastrophic team then initiated the formation of a team of researchers to undertake advanced studies focused on Mount Padang, where the members of the expanded research and involves various disciplines and various skills. Call it Dr.. Ali Akbar a prehistoric researchers from the University of Indonesia, who led the research field of archeology.
Then Pon Purajatnika, M.Sc., lead the field of architecture and regional research, Dr. Budianto Ontowirjo civil structures led the study, and Dr. Bakhtiar an expert paleosedimentologi torch, led research on sediment layers in Mount Padang. The whole team was incorporated in the Integrated Research Team Self Mount Padang office facilitated Presidential Special Staff for Social Assistance and Disaster. Interestingly, all studies conducted independently financing the research fellow.
Various independent research findings integrated team is finally done Gunung Padang radiometric testing of carbon (carbon dating, C14). Interestingly carbon test results on laboratoriumBeta Miami, Florida in the U.S., menera that carbon obtained from drilling at a depth of 5 meters up to 12 meters 14500-25000 years old. The results of the full report, as follows :
Below the surface of the building site of Mount Padang scientifically proven older than the Pyramids of Giza. This refers to the carbon dating test results Laboratory Batan (Indonesia) with C14 LSC method of material 4meter paleosoil in - depth at coring drill site 1, age paleosoil material is 5500 +130 years BP ago. While testing material in the sand up to a depth of -8 -10 meters in drill coring site 2 is 11000 + 150 years.

2.6     Beta Analytic Laboratory Results Miami
Surprising and consistent results issued by the laboratory Beta Analytic Miami, Florida, last week added that the age of the layers of a depth of about 5 meters to 12 meters drill bada 2 age around 14500-23000 SM / or older. While some examples are consistent with what is done in the Lab BATAN. We know this laboratory in Miami Florida is a frequent international reference range of research, especially related to carbon dating world.
Both of these laboratories answer many doubts on the laboratory test sample in BATAN. Previously, the research team have integrated self- test age-related BATAN Mount Padang in laboratory, but not a lot of positive response, even doubt. Though the results obtained by the two laboratories was not much different. It is time we believe in the ability and quality of scientists and national laboratories such as BATAN, following the results of the second test in the laboratory :
1. Age of the soil layers near the surface (60 cm below the surface), about 600 years BC (carbon dating results of samples obtained Archaeologist, Dr. AliAkbar, integrated research team at the Laboratory of the National Atomic Energy Agency (BATAN);
2. Age of sand - gravel layer at a depth of about 3-4 meters in Bor - 1 underlying the site of Mount Padang on it (so it can be considered old when World Gunung Padang in the top layer is made) about 4700 years BC or older (drawn from the analysis BATAN);
3. Age urug soil layer at a depth of 4 meters supposedly man made stuctures (structures created by humans) with a space filled with sand (at a depth of 8-10 meters) below the Terrace 5 at Bor - 2, about 7600-7800 BC (BETA Laboratory Miami, Florida);
4. Age of sand that fills the cavity at a depth of 8-10 meters in Bor - 2, approximately 11,600 BC or so years older (Lab Batan);
5. The age of the layers of a depth of about 5 meters to 12 meters, approximately 14500-25000 BC / or older (BETA Laboratory Miami Florida).
6. There are a signs or basin -shaped man-made images on any patio stones that are 1 to 5. Research on the meaning of the form of images and letters that form the rock andesite breccia is the latest.

2.7      Further Research Megalithic Sites Gunung Padang
The opening of the bushes on the Southeast side porch 5 downwardly find 20 level terracing punden arranged by mutual aid civilized society has advanced technological capabilities. Terracing is broke punden previous research hypothesis that the site of Mount Padang just consists of 5 terrace on an area of ​​900 m2. With the opening of the 20 levels of terraces indicates that the site is very large mountain Padang. Estimated main core zone of Mount Padang sites larger than 25 acres.
The opening of the bushes and scanned the earth with georadar on the East side terrace 2 down to find the form of man-made gate structure. Results of sampling by coring drill 1, ensuring manmade structure up to a depth from the surface of the terrace - 27meter 3. Results of sampling by coring drill 2, discovered the structure of large cavities that contain man-made sand with very uniform grain. Measurement results with geomagnetic anomalies found a large magnetic field on the porch 2.
In addition to research and surveys, literature review being conducted. Call it the Bujangga Manik manuscript from the 16th century mention a place”kabuyutan”(where ancestors were honored by the Sundanese) Ci Sokan upstream, the river is known to disgorge around this place. According to legend, the site of Mount Padang is a regular meeting place (likely annual) all the traditional leaders of the Sunda Kuna. Currently the site is also still used by indigenous religion Sunda group for worship.
Research is under the surface of Mount Padang no buildings have been made by some team of experts :
1. Team of Geology and Mineral Resources Agency;
2. Team of Kemenristek;
3. National TimArkeologi;
4. Ancient Catastrophe Team who later became Team Integrated Research Mandiri.
Tim first, second, and third was concluded that there is no building in the mountain meadow below the surface. The mountain area is 900 square meter paddock like since discovered NJ Krom. This final conclusion is formally written results of his research there. The fourth team, independent research team concluded that integrated different and has found strong evidence of the fact that there is the beginning of building below the surface of Mount Padang, and a far greater extent than they are now as it was concluded three other teams. With the principle of diversity and maintaining ethical research, it becomes integrated team obligation to prove further the overall hypothesis. The integrated team will keep its promise, the next few days continued research.
Expected no more than one month, the new findings will be announced Indonesian history. We hope the people watching, the experts mutual restraint and respect for sustainability research and all research findings later. We woke up a healthy climate in the world of Indonesian research. We believe that these four teams investigate Mount Padang has the intention and the same intellectual honesty. Skepticism is not prohibited, it is characteristic of a true scientist. And, true scientists characteristic skepticism anyway to change it if it turned out to support all the hypotheses proved.
In a mountain meadow sites are found in the form of a musical instrument that wavy rectangular stone on top, if any wave struck, it emits waves that vary from one another. and musical instruments of the stone can be played correctly.
Early January - March 2013 Integrated Research Team led by Dr. Self. Danny Hilman Natawidjaja (expert earth), Dr. Ali Akbar (archaeologist), Dr. Bakhtiar torch (paleosedimentolog) back to do research and follow-up survey, stated that, under the surface of Mount Padang : There is no natural geological structure, the hypothesis advanced technology antiquity.
This time the team is doing archaeological excavations and detailed geoelectric survey in the eastern slopes of the hills surrounding the excavation, outside the fence of cultural heritage sites.
Archaeological team led by DR. Ali Akbar from the University of Indonesia. The team found no evidence to confirm the hypothesis that a team in the basement of Mount Padang is no man-made structure containing an array of andesite stone columns, stone patio like structure that has been exposed, and made ​​cultural site on the hill. Look at the box dug surface features, composition of andesite stone column is already buried layer of soil about half to two -meter chunks of rubble mixed andesite columns.
Dr Tim archaeological dig box. Ali Akbar UI. shows the building surfaces are composed of andesite stone columns that are covered by a layer of soil with pecaan chunks of rock. The stone column position extending parallel layers.
Andesitic rocks column prepared with a position close to the horizontal longitudinal direction nearly west - east (approximately 70 degrees from north to east - N 70 E), together with the arrangement of stone columns in the direction of the east- west wall of the porch, and railroad steep slope connecting a porch with two terraces. Of horizontal columns andesitic rocks and direction of the layers, we can conclude with certainty, that the stone columns or”columnar joints”is not in a state of nature.
Rocks and weathering results column cooling lava / volcanic intrusion in the natural direction of the column will elongate perpendicular to the direction or flow coating as found in many places in the world. Appearance of stone - column structure unfolding in the box dug it does look like a neat extraordinary natural conditions alone.
So do not be surprised if at the end of 2012 and then there was another team of archaeologists working separately, and have come here to conclude dig rocks andesite columns in the basement is a source of natural rock; probably because they do not consider the complete geological aspects, and also do not know subsurface structure of the data as shown by the results of geoelectric survey.

2.8      Controversy Megalithic Sites Gunung Padang
There are some people who believe that the site has been linked with a desert mountain pyramid sites in Egypt, due to the shape similar to the space in it and because of its age is much older than the pyramids in Egypt. saaat meadow site is still in a period of further study.
Navigate the site of Mount Padang mystery. Age”pyramid”of Mount Padang estimated 4700-10900 BC - compare the pyramids of Giza in Egypt, which is only 2,500 BC. But the evidence is not maximized, and this led geologists are still skeptical about the”pyramid”that. Too early to be announced. Therefore Integrated Research Team Mandiri Mount Padang continues his research in 2013. Until now Gunung Padang has become a byword after researching the Ancient Catastrophe Team Fault earthquake fault Cimandiri, about four kilometers to the north of the site.
The controversy erupted after Andi Arief released under the pyramid there is a kind of Mount Padang at the beginning of last year.”Whatever name and shape, which is clearly below that there are spaces. Glance was like a mountain, such as man -made.”Andi Arief so clear.
Suspicions began Mount Padang form a nearly isosceles triangle when viewed from the north. Previously, the team also found a similar shape in Mount Sadahurip in Garut and Bukit Dago Pakar in Bandung Lembang Fault while researching.
Andi Arief said the work his team at the Mount Padang is almost finished. For excavation business, he raised his hand as it requires huge cost. However, Andi Arief with Integrated Research Team Gunung Padang Independent research and surveys continue to find out more below the surface of Mount Padang with various methodologies, both geophysics, archeology, paleosedimentasi, architecture and the region, and others. It is planned that this team will continue to work until March 2014.
Towards the end of 2012, the researchers Integrated Research Team Mandiri Mount Padang held a meeting to evaluate the results of research and surveys in 2012 and plan further research in Gunung Padang. At the meeting attended by geologists reliably, Dr. Danny Hilman Natawijaya, paleosedimentolog, Dr. Andang Bakhtiar, a young archaeologist prehistory expert, Dr. Ali Akbar, cultural expert, Dr.. Lily Tjahjandari, architects and practitioners of the region, Pon Purajatnika, complexity and astronomy experts, Hokky Situngkir, Rolan Mauludi, civil modeling expert, Dr. Budianto Ontowirjo, petrography expert, Dr. Andrew S Subandrio, geofisisis, Erick Ridzky, and of course was attended also by the initiator of the team, Andi Arief.
Meeting held at the Office of the Special Staff of President on December 18, 2012, the yield new insights from the experts who are members of the Integrated Research Team Independent presents and discusses the research findings and the next steps. Geological Team considers that the surveys and studies conducted have reached 99 % have obtained complete data both geoelectric survey data, georadar, and geomagnetic and geophysical and other aids. In addition to satellite imagery, IFSAR photos, contour maps and digital elevation models (DEM). From a variety of data generated, coupled with evidence paleosedimentasi at some point drill sampling, and petrographic analysis, can scientifically conclude that there is indeed man -made structure in the subsurface site of Mount Padang.
Building below the surface of the chamber and also certain to have another structure forms (alleged cave or hallway), and the trend of the magnetic anomalies in various geophysical tool trajectory. This finding is further strengthened by the findings of the archaeological team that managed to find artifacts in the western and eastern mountain building Padangjuga exposed, especially outside definitive site today. Even the preliminary findings in the form of stone artefacts curved on the east side site, showed strong suspicion as”entrance”into the building below the surface of Mount Padang. The archaeological findings, are the latest findings from the site was first discovered.
In addition, civil and architect Tim had reached advanced stages, in addition to describing the various types of pieces of stone (which shows human intervention and technology of the time), also explained that the site area is much larger than the current one. This team has found a structure similar to the findings in Sumba, Nusa Tenggara Barat. Previous architectural team found similar resemblance to the Machu Pichu Peru pyramid.
In the near future more detailed imaginary structure will be made based on a comparison of existing. While the team will complete the astronomical year timeline of making findings that can be scientifically carried out the results of radio - carbon dating has been done to validate the lab in two labpratorium National Atomic Energy Agency and the radio - carbon laboratory in Miami Florida, United States.
What will the future? All teams continue to work with the point of concentration at the site which is outside the site. Archaeological team became the leading open door”civilization”our ancestors were very remarkable. The form and content in it will automatically unfold. We hope that the continuation of this research goes well, and will always be open to the public will be announced.
It is recognized that this research is not confined to researchers but belongs to the wider community. We hope that does not stop the opening of the door of civilization alone, more than that found something useful and felt directly by the people, for the people's welfare is no impact on the present and future.
In early January 2013 the archaeological team led by a young archaeologist, University of Indonesia, Ali Akbar, released the findings of 5 old cemetery in the area that is now the object of his research. The discovery could reveal new veil that people sekitarlah who first discovered the site of Mount Padang. 5 stated that the discovery of the tomb in the fifth terrace the site, which has artifacts (gravestone) read only 2 graves. Based on his observations, the tomb is in the area of ​​megalithic sites around the 1900s. Of some of the existing graves, there is a tomb which gives little idea of ​​the existence of the tomb of the tomb headstone pair. Ali Akbar explained, that when viewed from a tomb, it is the tomb of Islam. A gravestone bearing the Latin alphabet and the other bearing the Arabic alphabet. According to him, with the findings of the old cemetery, meaning the people who live there and settled there. Then there was a pause until NJ.Kron find the site and report it to the Dutch government in 1914.
On one tombstone latin lettering indicating the name remains are buried named”Hadi Winata”who died in 1947. Written deceased also died at the age of 68 years, meaning that the deceased was born in 1879. On the other tombstones, grave the same, also contained Arabic writing on the headstone reads ' prabu ' and there tahunhijriyah, 1356 H. Estimated probability that the bodies are buried is a glimpse of the nobility when observed from the Latin name listed on the headstone and also the word ' King ' in Arabic lettered gravestone. Researchers are still working to be able to estimate the age of the other tombs that exist in the area of ​​Mount Padang.

2.9      Cement in Ancient Megalithic Site Gunung Padang
It is more surprising is the finding of filler material between the stones of this column. Even the stone columns of which there is already broken to pieces, but laid out and put together again by the filler material, or we call it as the ancient cement. Dig further down boxes, ancient cement is seen more and more, and evenly thick as 2 inches in between the stones columns. In addition to digging in the box, the ancient cement has also been found on a cliff railroad between one and two terraces, and also in drill core samples from a depth of 1 to 15 meters of drilling conducted by the team in 2012 and then on the site.
Geologist team and also coaches the center of the central Indonesian Association of Geologists, DR. Andang Bachtiar, based on the results of a chemical analysis done on samples of ancient cement patio railroad steep one to two, found the more surprising facts. The cement material turns out to have major composition of 45% iron and 41 % mineral silica minerals. The rest is 14 % clay minerals, and also there is the element carbon. This is a good composition for a very strong adhesive cement.
Perhaps he combines the concept of making the resin, or modern adhesives from raw materials silica, and the use of elemental concentrations of iron into red brick amplifier. The high content of silica cement indicates this is not the result of weathering of rocks andesite columns surrounding the silica poor.
Then, levels of iron in nature, even in the rocks at the mineral ore mining though generally not more than 5 % content of iron, so iron levels”Mount Padang cement”is many times higher than natural conditions.
Therefore, it can be inferred material between columns andesite stones are man-made grout. That is, the technology of the time seems to have known metallurgy. Andang explained, that a common technique to obtain a high concentration of iron is to make the process of combustion of crushed rocks with very high temperatures. Similar red brick making, ie kaolinite and illite clay burn to produce high concentrations of iron in the brick.

2.10     Ancient Metallurgy
Indications of ancient metallurgy technology is strengthened further by the findings of a lump of material such as metal by 10 centimeters by Ali Akbar teams at a depth of 1 meter on the eastern slopes of Mount Padang. Rusty metal material has a rough surface of hollow - small cavity on the surface. Allegedly this material is a metal dough combustion (“slug”) are still mixed with the carbon material into the combustor materials, can be of wood, coal or other. Cavities that may happen due to the release of CO2 gas when burning. The team will conduct further analysis lab to investigate this.
It is no less surprising is the approximate age of this ancient cement. Results radiometric analysis of the content of the element carbon in some samples of cement in drill core from a depth of 5-15 meters conducted in 2012 in the prestigious laboratory BETALAB, Miami, USA in mid-2012 shows its age with a range between 13,000 and 23,000 years ago. Then, the results of carbon dating of the layers of soil covering the composition of andesite stone column at a depth of 3-4 meters in Terrace 5 shows the age of about 8700 years ago.
Previous results of carbon dating carried out in the laboratory BATAN of dominant quartz sand that fills the voids in between the columns of andesite at a depth of 8-10 meters below the terrace of five, also showed the same age range which is around 13,000 years ago.
The fact it is very controversial because it 's common knowledge now do not know or recognize no civilizations (high) in the future as this ancient, anywhere in the world, let alone in the country that are supposedly pre - history, although many believed still primitive extraordinary beautiful landscape and rich, while in the barren Egyptian desert pyramid person can make a very unusual building it. But the facts speak otherwise in Mount Padang. It seems not impossible anymore archipelago nation has civilization as advanced as the ancient Egyptian civilization, even during the much older anymore.
The building structure of the composition of the rocks up to 50 cm diameter column with a length of more than 1 meter could have been very spectacular because of how ancient societies can organize large stones are very heavy so neat and well cemented by a special dough material. Furthermore geoelectric survey conducted in the vicinity of multiplication by a team of geological / geophysical from LabEarth LIPI, reveals the fact that no less fantastic than ancient building features below the surface.
This latest survey is a follow-up survey pendetilan as geoelectric survey of dozens of track 2 - D, 3 - D and georadar survey that was conducted in 2011, 2012 and early 2013 in Mount Padang entire body, from the feet to the top of the hill.
Geoelectric survey results showed that the coating composition of the stone column that looks at the box dug existence can be followed all the way to the bottom of a body united in Padang Mountain site on the hill, and also extends to far into the foothills.
Cross section of the subsurface structure based on the trajectory of geoelectric resistivity rocks dug through the box (testpit) archeology. Building layers of andesitic composition column looks constantly to the bottom of the hill above the site and also to the foot of the hill. Underneath looks unique geometry which allegedly still building. R8 using survey equipment and software Supersting Earth Imager. The above model wears Average Resistivity method. RMS value of the simulation results show that this model has the distinction / error rate is only 4 % compared to the survey data.

2.11      Puzzles Lava Stone
This fact supports the results of research experts Pon Purajatniko architecture, integrated team member who also has served as Chairman of the Architectural Association of West Java, who first floated the idea of the structure of the terraces of Mount Padang sites like Michu Pichu in Peru.
Until recently conducted new excavations to a depth of 4 meter course, but the geoelectric survey shows there is still beneath the appearance of the building structures that look amazing geometry to a depth of over 10 meters. Geoelectric survey results, and georadar also been able to show the structure (geology) below the surface morphology of the hills that form the Mount Padang is a rock layer with a thickness of 30-50 meters which has a value of electrical resistance (resistivity) is very high (thousands Ohm - Meter) shaped like a tongue with a nearly horizontal position, aligned with the north - south elongated hills, and sloping ramps to the north. So also in tune with the steps terraces built on it.
One fifth the tongue -shaped rock layer also has a flat incline towards the west and the east slope of the hill in line with its slope. This lava layer located at a depth of more than 10 meters below the surface.
Data from drilling conducted by DR. Bakhtiar torch and microscopic analysis of rock drill core samples were carried out by DR. Andri Subandrio, geologist volcanic rocks of the Lab. Petrology ITB, the body can be ascertained with a high resistivity rocks are andesite lava rock, the same rock type as the column of the site of Mount Padang. Another thing is quite interesting from petrological analysis is finding many microscopic cracks in the thin section of andesite stone column that alleged non - natural. You see, the crack was cutting its constituent mineral crystals.
Geoelectric cross-section of the lot, visible tongue has a neck andesite lava intrusion (breakthrough source of volcanic rock below) located in the area of ​​the southern slope of Mount Padang site. So after liquid hot magma intrusion reaches the surface and then flows north, and after the lava cooled to form the tongue. Which is still a big puzzle is whether the body in the lava rocks of Mount Padang stomach is the source of the rocks of andesite columns used to construct the site?
It may be true. To date there is no source rocks found in the andesite field a few kilometers radius of Mount Padang. The problem is there are no traces of mining, or layers of lava exposed in the area of Mount Padang.
So, if one posits that the source rock of the hill, then inevitably have to also assume that once a layer of lava never revealed, or mined by early man, then recently stone columns that have been taken and re- arranged to cover the entire body of lava became one of the architectural masterpieces of extraordinary monument.
It should also be noted that extracting the stones andesite columns from the parent rock is not easy. He must be able to separate the stones are large and heavy piece of rock with a parent in a very large number. Unlike the usual rock mining that do not have to worry about broken stone, for example by blasting dynamite. What is clear for now centuries or hundreds of years back in this world never existed mining rocks andesite columns to be used as a building brick.


BAB III
HASIL PENGAMATAN

3.1  Pengamatan Objek
Pertama kali Situs Megalitikum Gunung Padang ditemukan pada tahun 1914.Situs tersebut diketemukan oleh seorang peneliti dari Negeri Belanda bernama NJ.Kron (dibaca NJ.Krom).Situs Megalitik Gunung Padang terletak di Desa Karyamukti, Kecamatan Campaka, Kabupaten Cianjur.Megalitikum yaitu zaman batu besar.
Megalitikum berasal dari kata mega yang berarti besar, dan lithos yangberarti batu. Zaman Megalitikum biasa disebut dengan zaman batu besar, karena pada zaman ini manusia sudah dapat membuat dan meningkatkan kebudayaan yang terbuat dari batu-batu besar.Pada zaman ini manusia sudah mengenal kepercayaan. Walaupun kepercayaan mereka masih dalam tingkat awal, yaitu kepercayaan terhadap roh nenek moyang. Kepercayaan ini muncul karena pengetahuanmanusia sudah mulai meningkat.
Luas kompleks”bangunan”lebih kurang 900 m2, terletak pada ketinggian 885 meter, berarea sekitar 3 hektar.Pada mulanya tempat tersebut difungsikan untuk beribadah bagi masyarakat Sunda Kuna sekitar tahun 2000-an sebelum masehi.
Permulaan Diketemukannya Situs Megalitik Gunung PadangLaporan pertama mengenai keberadaan situs ini dimuat pada Rapporten van de Oudheidkundige Dienst (ROD,”Buletin Dinas Kepurbakalaan") tahun 1914. Sejarawan Belanda, ini juga telah menyinggungnya pada tahun 1949. Setelah sempat”terlupakan", pada tahun 1979 tiga penduduk setempat yang merupakan petani, Endi, Soma, dan Abidin, melaporkan kepada Edi, Pemilik Kebudayaan Kecamatan Campaka, mengenai keberadaan tumpukan batu-batu persegi besar dengan berbagai ukuran yang tersusun dalam suatu tempat berundak yang mengarah ke Gunung Gede. Selanjutnya, bersama-sama dengan Kepala Seksi Kebudayaan Departemen Pendidikan Kebudayaan Kabupaten Cianjur, R. Adang Suwanda, ia mengadakan pengecekan. Tindak lanjutnya adalah kajian arkeologi, sejarah, dan geologi yang dilakukan Puslit Arkenas pada tahun 1979 terhadap situs ini.
Kompleks Gunung Padang yang terdiri dari 5 Teras.Teras satu-Batu Musik (500-1000 tahun SM), terdapat dolmen yang digunakan sebagai tempat penyimpanan sesajen, namun ada juga yang percaya bahwa dolmen digunakan untuk memanggil leluhur.Teras dua-Batu Lumbung dan Batu Kursi (4000-5000 tahun SM) fungsinya sebagai tempat duduk untuk orang yang menghadap Gunung Gede yaitu di mana roh-roh berada.Teras Tiga-Batu Tapak Maung dan Jejak Kujang (12000-lebih tahun SM) kujang (lambing pusaka Sunda) merupakan bukti bahwa tempat tersebut sempat menjadi singgasana raja.Sunda artinya semua ras yang hatinya tulus.Teras Empat-Batu Gendong, tempat pengujian (dengan mengangkat batu sebagai tanda menyucikan diri) sebelum bisa lanjut ke Teras Lima.Teras Lima-Batu Singgasana Raja (Pendaringan) (500-1000 tahun SM), 950 meter ke atas permukaan tanah, digunakan untuk menyimpan benda-benda sakral, untuk bersemedi, untuk persembahan pada nenek moyang..Teras ini paling sakral, maka dari itu hanya beberapa yang bisa.
Kalau dilihat dari bagian atas, Gunung Padang berbentuk seperti piramida yang ada di mesir. Umurnya diperkirakan jauh lebih tua dari pada piramida mesir sekitar 10.000 tahun sebelum masehi. Didalam gunung padang dipercaya memiliki ruang didalamnya yang kini telah tertimbun tanah.Sampai saat ini gunung Padang diperkirakan berumur 11.000 tahun
Sebenarnya Gunung Padang bukanlah gunung, melainkan bangunan yang tertimbun oleh debu vulkanik sehingga terlihat seperti gunung yang sudah ditumbuhi pepohonan.Kalau dilihat dari sisi utara Gunung Padang bentuknya hampir mirip segitiga sama kaki.
Situs Megalitikum ini adalah serba lima. Diapit oleh lima gunung, terdapat lima teras, dan hampir semua bebatuannya merupakan persegi lima. Ini merupakan sebuah misteri yang belum terpecahkan.







BAB IV
PENUTUP

4.1   Kesimpulan
Jadi, Situs Megalitik Gunung Padang ini sebenarnya bukan sebuah gunung seperti namanya, melainkan bangunan yang tertimbun oleh debu vulkanik sehingga terlihat seperti gunung yang sudah ditumbuhi pepohonan.Situs ini merupakan situs yang sudah berumur 11.000 tahun dan dibuat oleh manusia yang masih primitif pada zaman batu besar.

4.2  Saran
Setelah melakukan pengamatan, penulis menyarankan agar Situs Megalitik Gunung Padang ini dirawat lebih lagi, agar situs bersejarah ini dapat terus menerus menjadi salah satu sumber pengetahuan dan daya tarik bagi wisatawan.Penulis juga menyarankan agar pengamatan ini tidak berhenti sampai di sini, tapi boleh terus dikembangkan sehingga boleh menjadi salah satu situs bersejarah yang dijaga dan dihormati keberadaannya.
 

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